Manganese outlook and symposium overview
JA Rivero
Restructure of Chinese ferroalloy industry
Zhang Zengchan
Trends in U.S. customer needs for ferroalloys
SF Sibley, JW Blossom, LD Cunningham, MD Fenton, J Gambogi, TS Jones, PH Kuck, JF Papp, RG Reese, and KB Shedd
Key developments in the ferroalloy markets
JP de Linde
The ferroalloy industry and global climate change: Risk minnimization and economic opportunity
M Mondshine
Simulation
R Boisvert, M Read, and E Ydstie
Determination of component activities in the Cr-Si-C in the Cr-Fe-Si-C melts
K Kosseyrev, K Marushkin, AS Alikhanyan, and SE Olsen
DC arc furnace technology applied to smelting applications
K Bergman and B Kjellberg
Flow and heat transfer in a radially spreading liquid metaljet related to casting of ferroalloys
H Haaland
Experiences in operation of various electric-arc furnaces under resistance control
AL Moolman, MS Rennie, and P Brereton-Stiles
Information management in the ferroalloy business
MS Rennie, WD Carew, R Terblanche, AL Moolman, and N Anthony
A thermodynamic model for silicon furnace
X de la Juganniere
Discussion of ideal smelting model of submerged-arc furnace
Li Jingchum
The related practices for the design for low frequency for low frequency electric arc furnace
Li Zhichao
Ferrochromium and Ferronickel
L Holappa, G Rath, and R Urquhart
Reduction of chromium oxide by methane-containing gas
O Ostrovski, A Jacobs, N Anacleto, and G McKenzie
Kinetic modelling of chromite pellet reduction with CO gas under rising temperature from 700 to 1520oC
Y Xiao, M Reuter, and L Holappa
Kinetic study on smelting reduction of chromite ore
M Kekkonen, L Holappa, and P Niemela
Excavation of a 54MVA HC-ferrochromium furnace
E Ringdalen and J Eilertsen
Status report on pyrometallurgical ferronickel production
G Rath and R Degel
Pig-iron and ferroalloys production in oxygen reactor
VA Grygorian, AV Pavlov, AE Semin, and KL Kossyrev
Probe into decreasing sulphur contents in medium carbon ferrochromium in converter practice
W Hongbing and L Pengyrum
Kinetics of the prereduction of manganese ores
M Tangstad, M Sibony, S Wasbo, and R Tronstad
Sintering of COMILOG ore in Moanda
M Sibony and F Wasser
Sintered manganese ore and its use in ferromanganese production
D Jorma, K Helge, O Paivi, and S Riku
Kinetics of gaseous reduction of manganese ore
T Lindstad and L Stalheim
High thermal electrical property of manganese ore in production of high carbon ferromanganese
Y Miyauchi, M Mochida, and Y Fuchi
The worldwide silicon market and new technologies
JB Camarasa and SO Velasco
Arc simulation model for three-phase electro-metallurgical furnaces
GA Saevarsdottir, JA Bakken, and VG Sevastyanenko
The use of biocarbon in Norwegian ferroallys production
B Monsen, M Gronli, L Nygaard, and H Tveit
Factors affecting carbon consumption in the production of high carbon ferromanganese
KN Swamy, DGC Robertson, P Calvert, and D Kozak
Modelling of the silicon process as a DAE system
MG Ruszkowski, LT Biegler, T Lindstad, and BE Ydstie
Oxidation of liquid silicon- reaction mechanisms and kinetics
K Hildal and JK Tuset
Steam explosions of single drops of molten silicon-rich alloys
LS Nelson, PW Brooks, R Bonazza, and ML Corradini
Selectivity and reactivity of the Trichlorosilane process
GJ Andersen, J Hoel, H Rong, and H A Oye
Mineralogical and thermodynamic inverstigation of CLU converter lining failures in commercial production of medium carbon ferromanganese
LR Nelson, PHF Bouwer, and NB Buenk
The processing of jigged ferromanganese fines in a DC arc furnace
K Bisaka, GM Denton, and JAL Parker
SiMn production in a 150kVA pilot scale furnace
M Tangstad, B Heiland, SE Olsen, and R Tronstad
The production of purified MnSi alloy
D Yond and Y Yunfeng
The effect of ferromanganese cleanness on inclusions in steel
T Sjoqvist, P Jonsson, and H Berg
Oxidation studies during decarburization of ferromanganese
PJ Bhonde and RD Angal
Mercury removal from off-gases at Tinfos Manganese Plant
D Haaland
Euroalliages research project for environmental hazard evaluation of ferroalloys and slags
MBM Indeherberg, EG Astrup, K Van der Kerken, S Laget, E Midgaard, ID Scott, and U Syrjala
Electrodes and Refractory
R Innvaer and H Johansson
Study on magnesia ramming bottom lining in ferroalloy refining furnace and its application
W Shouyuan
Improving profitability by analyzing ferroalloy furnace lining perfomance to improve lifetime
RJ van Laar, H Holl, AJ Dzermeijko, JM Risi, and J Malan
Use of Soderberg electrode paste in Briquettes
JPM Amaro, GM Lima, JA Belmonte, and EJ Lourenco
Operation of Soderberg electrode methods to avoid and solve electrode failures
G Andersen, R Innvaer, and B Larsen
Application of magnesite ramming mix in production of ferroalloy
Y Zhizhong, W Shouyuan, and J Yuangang
Impact ofelectrode paste on soderberg electrode pefomance
PM Wikinson, S Ganguly, PA Williams, and LJ Jensen
Enquiry into a fire in the bag filter attached to two ferromanganese furnaces
BR Broekman, AR Jamieso, and CG Muir
The present situation of ferroalloy production and consumption in Turkiye
S Aydin, O Yucel, C Arslan, and A Koksal
The future role of ferroalloys in iron and steel
O Grong, P Jonsson, and O Klevan
Future demands on ferroalloys from the customer in the steel industry
P Jonsson, T Sjoqvist, and O Grong
The status of MMT at the US environmental protection agency
JM Davis
Combustion products of the MMT fuel additive
JW Roos, DR Lynam. IL Smith, GD Pfeifer, and JG Reynolds
An overview of CIIT's manganese research program
DC Dorman, KA Brenneman, MF Struve, RA James, BE McManus, and BA Wong
Influx kinetics of manganese, manganese citrate and manganese transfering into the brain
JS Crossgrove, SS Rhineheimer, and RA Yokel
Effects of manganese on the developing rat brain: Oxidative-stress related endpoint
M Aschner, DC Dorman, LH Lash, and S Weber
Measurement of the oxidation state of manganese inside brain, heart and liver mitochondria using XANEs spectroscopy
TE Gunter, LM Miller, L Buntinas, R Eliseev, ST Hammond, A Alexandov, CE Gavin, and KK Gunter
Mechanisms of manganese-induced rat pheochromocytoma(PC12) cell death and cell differentiation
JA Roth, L Feng, J Walowits, RW Browne, and M Garrick
Neurotoxicity of inhaled manganese
J Zayed
Particle solubility and delivery of inhaled manganese to the rat brain: Manganese sulfate and manganese tetroxide pharmacokinetics following repeated (14-day) exposure
MF Struve, RA Marshall, MW Parkinson, BA Wong, and DC Dorman
Brain manganese efflux through the blood-brain barrier
RA Yokel, SS Rhineheimer, and BL Bukaveekas
Where does manganese come from? Metal quantities and associations in modern alluvium of the Mississippi river delta
H Mielke, CR Gonzales, E Powell, AL Sturghill, and A Shah
Manganese treatment induced dose-related decreased in the activities of several glycolytic and TCA cycle enzymes in neuroblastoma and astocytoma cells
GV Malthankar, BK White, DS Hanson, CL Hanson, A Bhunshan, CK Daniels, KJ Rodnick, and JCK Lai
Uptake of manganese dioxide to the rat brain: Role of particle size in a nose-only inhalation exposure
LD Fechter, DL Johnson, and R Lynch
Exposure, neurobehavioural perfomance and hormone status of workers exposed to manganese in the production of manganese alloys
DG Ellingsen, R Bast-Pettersen, S Hetland, and Y Thomassen
Manganese exposure and parkinson's disease: A comparison using two tremor characteristics
G Lambert, A Beuter, and B MacGibbon
Characterisation of workers exposure in the production of manganese alloys
Y Thomassen, S Hetland, H Ortner, and D Ellingsen
Aninvestigation of potential nervous system effects of manganese (Mn) at a South African smelting works
JE Myers, ML Thompson, Young T, S Ramushu, E Esswein, I Naik, A Iregren, D Rees, and L London
Boilermakers for environmental Mn exposure: Using ranges for different exposure scenarios
JE Myers,I Naik, ML Thompson, S Ramushu, and E Esswein
Manganese and prion desease
DR Brown
Risk assessment of manganese in the development of prion diseases
F Lamoury, M Burel, D Marced, and JP Deslys
Dopaminergic dysfunction following long-term occupational exposure to manganese
E Raffn, P Arlien-Soborg, C Thomsen, and L Friberg
A novel TLV for inorganic manganese compounds
RK Obenshain, MM Marrapese, DG Sarvadi, and LLP Heckman
Effects from occupational and environmental exposure
R Lucchini
Determination of an occupational exposure guiddeline for manganese using the benchmark method
KS Crump and HJ Clewell
Effects of manganese on oxidative-stress in CATH.a cells
M Aschner, JW Allen, and CG Worley
The uptake of manganese in brain endothelial cultures
M Aschner, JW Allen, G Shanker, and LA Mutkus